When the main idea of a speakers words is reported by another person and the exact words are not quoted, it is called indirect speech or reported speech. Direct and indirect speech in hindi tense in hindi. The original words are modified and or interpreted as opposed to being quoted. I said i love to write scary stories but i have no time to write it actually. If the question starts with interrogative pronouns or adverb such as who, whose, whom, which what why when. It is because direct and indirect speech rules are not easy to learn. This video is comprehensive coverage of the topic, which is also known. The basic rules of changing direct speech to indirect speech described for simple sentences applies for all types of sentences. I said, i love to write scary stories but i have no time to write it actually.
Modal verbs are changed in indirect speech like, can into could, may into might, must into had to. To change from indirect to direct speech, keep the rules of the direct speech are applied in the reverse order. Before learning the rules for conversion of direct speech into indirect speech, you must learn the following two components of a sentence of direct speech. Understand the difference between direct and indirect speech. Download rules for converting direct narration into indirect narration in english grammar with examples pdf direct narration it is the method in which the actual words of the speaker are reported within inverted commas. Indirect speech for imperative and exclamatory sentences change in pronoun in indirect speech change in time and adverb in indirect speech. Following are the basic rules of direct and indirect speech for interrogative sentences or question sentences. Reporting verb will be changed according to reporting speech. Exampledirect speechshe said i live in delhiindirect speechshe said that she lived in delhinote.
Direct and indirect speech with rules and examples, english. Insert quotation marks, question mark, exclamation and fullstop, wherever necessary. Direct and indirect speech in english grammar with. Indirect speech is writing that provides a summary of what somebody was supposed to have said, and when they said it. The tense in reported speech is one tense back in time from the tense in direct speech. The file contains direct and indirect speech rules for question sentences reported speech for tenses, imperative, optative and exclamatory sentences.
In order to do this you can use the grammar structure named direct or quoted speech, or indirect or reported speech. To learn more about direct and indirect speech click here direct and indirect speech complete rules. Basic rules of reported speech english practice learn and. A lesson presentation that presents teaching and learning resources on direct and indirect speech. Direct indirect of simple present tense direct indirect.
Interrogative form is changed into assertive form of sentence. In case 2, the witness is reporting what the speaker has said matter and it is known as indirect speech. Reported speech is used when you want to tell someone else what a person said before. May 16, 2017 direct and indirect speech with rules and examples, english grammar by universal channel learn english grammar all in one is a free channel for english learn. From year 3 onwards your child will learn to write direct speech quoting exact words spoken and indirect speech reporting a conversation. Out of the four alternatives suggested, select the one which best expresses the same sentence in direct indirect and mark your answer. Direct and indirect speeches are not the favorite topic for many of us. Indirect speech is when we report what someone else has said. Direct speech i am in my house now indirect speech he was in his house then conversion to indirect speech following are some golden rules and easy steps to convert direct indirect speech. Prepared by abdul rauf baloch government boys secondary school bhiroo village, uc1 gadap town karachi. Direct and indirect speech exercises with answers pdf. These two ways are also used to simply narrate spokenwords have no message to convey of one person to another. Direct and indirect speech with rules and examples, english grammar by universal channel learn english grammar all in one is a free channel for english learners. Direct and indirect discourse or speech main english.
When words and thoughts are reported, there is usually a change of tenses, pronouns and other words. Direct and indirect speech exercises with answers pdf exams. In the english language, there are two ways of conveying what someone else has said. Direct speech is the exact words spoken by someone. If the reporting verb is in the present or future tense, the tense of the verb in the reported speech is not changed at all.
Direct indirect speech rules of past perfect direct. In the following questions, a sentence has been given in direct indirect. May 01, 2018 in this case,there is no changein this case,past perfect of direct speech remains past perfect of indirect speechthe teenager saidi had pizza for lunchathe teenager said that he had pizza for luncheathe rich man saidi had 2 private jetsathe rich man said that he had 2 private jetseafather. In english, to report someones words or their own words, you. Basic rules to convert a direct speech to indirect speech. This is due to direct speech being a word for word account of what somebody has said. A pronoun of the first person i, my, me, our, we in direct speech is changed in the indirect to the same person as the subject of the introductory verb, e. Initially we will look at direct and indirect speech, then look at how to convert speech from direct to indirect or viceversa. May 2, 2014 when the reporting verb is in the past tense, all present tenses in the direct speech will change into the corresponding past tenses. There are four basic rules to change a direct speech into indirect speech.
If the reporting verb in the direct speech statement is in present tense or future tense, then it remains same in indirect speech too i. A lesson plan that presents teaching and learning resources on direct and indirect speech. If we want to say what other people said, thought or felt, we can use the direct or indirect speech. Reported speech indirect speech tom asked what time the meeting was. There are certain changes in rules for each type of sentences. Edit change in modal verbs here are some indirect speech rules for modal verbs. If the direct speech has a pronoun, its person is changed, when necessary, to refer in the indirect to the same individual as it does in the direct. Since direct speech quotes someones exact spoken words, it is enclosed in quotation marks from both sides to separate it from the rest of the text. The sentence in indirect speech is in simple past passive tense. Fundamental rules to change a direct speech to indirect speech. While changing direct speech into indirect speech the rules of sequence of tenses are follows. Punctuation marks comma, inverted comma, question marks are removed. Direct and indirect speech basic rules indirect speech for question sentence indirect speech for modals i. Indirect speech what the speaker has said without using the exact words the teacher told rajesh that he had a bright future.
In indirect speech, words spoken by one person is reported in another place at a different time by a different person. Direct and indirect speech rules and examples english summary. Mar 20, 2017 crack competitive exams such as ssc cgl with expert tips on how to convert direct speech into indirect speech and vice versa. It is not necessary to learn complicated rules about indirect speech in english, because most of the. Jul 29, 2014 direct and indirect speech rules and examples. Direct speech is writing that quotes what somebody has said in full, and is meant to be an accurate record of what was said, and by whom it was said indirect speech definition. Rewrite the following sentences changing the direct speech to indirect speech and indirect speech to direct speech. We often convey a message or give information about what someone said, thought or felt to somebody else. Such accuracy is even more important in a non fiction account. Indeed this structure can be a source of confusion for esl learners because they mix it with active and passive voice. He wanted to know if there is a change in the tense in the reported speech if the introductory verb is in the past tense e. Direct and indirect speech with rules and examples. In the direct form reminded will be substituted by do not forget to take. Direct speech indirect speech direct speech indirect speech alex said, it is good time now to see him alex said that it was good time then to see him.
Accurately punctuate direct and indirect speech know when and how to change pronouns and verb tenses in indirect speech. As it is a summary it does not have to be a word for word. Typed by ozair ahmed baloch government boys primary school sammu village, uc1 gadap town karachi. The grammar and punctuation required for direct speech are more specific than it is for indirect speech. There are five basic things that have to be changed while converting a direct speech to an indirect speech. Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. Direct quoted speech, involves quoting the exact words uttered by the person, within inverted commas or quotation marks. If direct is simple presentin indirect, it becomes simple past. Apr 02, 2019 download rules for converting direct narration into indirect narration in english grammar with examples pdf direct narration it is the method in which the actual words of the speaker are reported within inverted commas. When the actual words of the speaker are reproduced, it is called direct speech. Also one cannot ignore the importance of direct and indirect speech in spoken or writing english language.
Direct indirect speech rules exercise pdf free download narration direct indirect is an art of delivery correct message to the receiver. Our parents guide covers the use of speech marks and how your. In fact, we make this into reported speech in the same way as a request. Being an english language learner, its mandatory for you to study and understand reported speech rules to learn completely direct and indirect speech. When we report questions, the indirect speech is introduced by verbs such as asked. Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. Pp1 quoted speech uses quotation marks and the exact words that a person has said. After completing this lesson, the students will be able to. Reported questions and commands exercises pdf exercises to practise questions, commands and requests in the reported speech. Direct and indirect speech with rules and examples download all the grammar lessons in one click. Turn these sentences with direct speech into those with indirect speech.
Im means i am which refers to raj and needs to be changed to he was in form of indirect speech. When the question starts with auxiliary verbs such as do does did has have had is am are will shall cancould maymight would should etc. Direct and indirect narration in english grammer pdf download. To change the reporting verb according to the reported speech. Direct and indirect speech practice questions hitbullseye. Direct and indirect speech can be a source of confusion for english learners. Direct and indirect speech direct and indirect speech rules. Basic rules how to change from direct speech to indirect speech the conjunction thatifwhether is used between the introductory verb and the reported speech e. Direct and indirect speech with rules and examples englishan. Direct speech is used in minutes from meetings as well as court hearings, and in. Basic rules of reported speech english practice learn.
Use the reporting verb, say or said to in its correct tense. The maid said, all the windows have been washed thoroughly. She said to me, thank you steven said, ashley must go tomorrow. Indirect speech, also known as reported speech, is when words or phrases are reported in our own words. Crack competitive exams such as ssc cgl with expert tips on how to convert direct speech into indirect speech and vice versa. The original words are modified andor interpreted as opposed to being quoted. In this case,there is no changein this case,past perfect of direct speech remains past perfect of indirect speechthe teenager saidi had pizza for lunchathe teenager said that he had pizza for luncheathe rich man saidi had 2 private jetsathe rich man said that he had 2 private jetseafather. Directquoted speech, involves quoting the exact words uttered by the person, within inverted commas or quotation marks. In direct speech, we use livein indirect speech, we use livedquestionshe said i like ice creamahe said that he liked ice creamexp.
Direct and indirect speech rules and examples english. Mar 23, 2019 direct and indirect speech direct and indirect speech rules. Rules for the change of tenses download pdf we have seen that when the reporting verb is in the past tense, all present tenses inside the quotation marks will change into their corresponding past tenses in indirect speech. Remove the conjuctions that, to, if or whether etc. Direct and indirect speech direct and indirect speech can be a source of confusion for english learners. In addition to that, you may also find how easy is to understand pronoun change in reported speech with examples and exercise. Narration, change of narration, direct and indirect speech. Lets first define the terms, then look at how to talk about what someone said, and how to convert speech from direct to indirect or viceversa. Because of this, there are many grammatical differences between direct and indirect speech. In direct speech the sentence will change to simple present. General rules special rules, general rules sentence. Jul 16, 20 indirect speech what the speaker has said without using the exact words the teacher told rajesh that he had a bright future.
Understand the rules of direct and indirect speech. Remove the inverted commas, replace them with an appropriate conjunction. Direct and indirect speech in english grammar with examples pdf. Direct indirect speech rules exercise pdf free download. Recognize the similarities and differences between direct and indirect speech. In indirect discourse or speech, the first1 st personal pronouns i, we, they always change according to the subject of the indirect speech. To remove the inverted commas from the direct speech and replace them with an appropriate conjunction. Direct and indirect speech rules examples narration.
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